An interview survey was conducted among 15 college graduates working as skilled contract employees under non-regular employment at four plants operated by major manufacturers in order to determine the status of career change in an era wherein university placements exceed the number of university applicants. The results revealed that most participants graduated from non-selective colleges with deviation scores ranging between 30 and 40, thereby decreasing their competitive edge in the job market when compared to high school graduates. Most of the participants held various positions in different industries, and initially possessed low levels of job satisfaction; moreover, their change activities were inadequate. Key Words: Career Change Among College Graduates, Non-Selective Colleges, Skilled Contract Employees, Non-Regular Employment.

The aim of this study is concentrated on the effect of customer-relationship management by using social media on electronic loyalty, where the study applied on telecommunication sector in Jordan (Zain, Uminah, and Orange). The researcher uploads (100) electronic questioners on companies' facebook pages and get back (95) questioners were valid to analyze. The independent variable was sCRM and the sub variables were (online communities, social media support, information use, customer relationship orientation, and social media data) and the dependent variable was E-loyalty and the sub variables were (Word of mouth, and future purchase intention). The results indicated that there was an effect by using social media through customer relationship on E-loyalty. Key Words: sCRM, E-loyalty, Telecommunication, Jordan.

One mutual aspect among Human beings is that we are all consumers. Prediction of consumers’ purchase behavior is an essential need for the market owners. There are various factors affecting consumers’ purchase behavior in bazaars where suppliers and consumers meet. The statistical society for this research has been the 14 to 18 year-old teenagers of Tehran and Isfahan who answered the questions in the questioner and the sample volume based on Cochran formula has been 385 individuals; the cluster sampling has been done in the schools of the two mentioned cities randomly. In data gathering, standard questioners have been used in the section of social attachment and the need to be unique (Ryvo, et al, 2008), the role of the peers (Roque, 1998), purchase according to fashion/ news (Tian & McKinsey, 2001) and enjoyable/ entertaining shopping. The results of this research indicate that social attachment, the need to be unique and the role of the peers have a positive impact on teenagers’ purchase behavior (purchase according to fashion/ news and enjoyable/ impulse shopping). The results out of structural equation indicate that most of the variables mentioned in this article have inner connections with one another and among these variables, social attachment and the role of peers have the highest impact. Key Words: Social Attachment, Adolescence, Purchase Behavior, Teenagers of Tehran and Isfahan.

The aim of this study is to explore the effect of organization agility on organization performance, where this study was applied on the information technology organization located in Jordan. The questioner was formulated and distributed to higher and middle management employees. The researcher relied on the use of simple recession analysis to estimate the impact of organization agility on organizational performance. The result showed that there was a correlation between the organization agility and organizational performance, which had a positive effect. Key Words: Effect, Organization, Performance, Agility.

This study investigates the relationships and impact of competencies on performance and the mediating role of cultural adjustment of expatriates engaged in the ICT sector in Malaysia. Based on a quantitative survey with a sample of 301 expatriates, the findings of this study revealed that emotional competencies have the highest influence on the job performance of expatriates. The results revealed that emotional, job related and social competencies have a strong relationship with performance of expatriates. The findings also support the role of cultural adjustment in mediating the relationship between competencies and performance. The findings of this study support the results from some earlier studies and also bring out several new ideas such as the importance of emotional competencies as compared to the other competencies. The findings of this study have significantly contributed to the advancement of knowledge in job performance and cultural adjustment and it is evident that expatriate competencies facilitate expatriates job performance and cultural adjustment. The implications are in the areas of expatriate selection, training and support practices. The results of this study will add to the current body of knowledge as well as assist in creating foundational solutions to ensure success in expatriate global assignments in Malaysia. Key Words: Cultural Adjustment, Performance, Expatriate and Competencies.

Using a sample of 192 US firms over a period from 2000 to 2011, we study the relationship between the efficiency of the corporate governance structure and the stock performance. We used a corporate governance index derived from the method of data envelopment analysis (DEA). These scores included in the market model and the 3-factors model developed by Fama and French (1993) confirm our hypothesis that the investment strategy of buying stock firms with good governance and selling those firms with weak governance is a profitable strategy. It reached a monthly abnormal return of 0.69% or 8.28% per year. Also, the use of fundamental analysis and the variable dividend on prices as a proxy of expected stock return reveals that the coefficients of the corporate governance index is significantly negative; so, a better corporate governance structure corresponds a decrease in the rate of stock return required by shareholders. It highlighted the importance of corporate governance structures as an additional explanatory factor of the expected stock return. Key Words: Corporate Governance Index, Expected Stock Return, 3-Factor Model Of Fama and French (1993), Risk Factor.

The study aimed to determine the effect of knowledge management processes which are represented by knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, knowledge application, knowledge retention, and knowledge storage in the banking services quality including reliability, assurance, connection, responsiveness, empathy and tangibility. The population of the study is Iraqi commercial banks, while the sample consisted of 121 senior managers of them. Results of regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed a limited effect of knowledge management processes in the banking services’ quality. The study recommended the necessity of enhancing the managers’ awareness to make sure of the sustainability of the banking services quality in terms of improving and reengineering the knowledge management processes that are compatible with the changes in the Iraqi banks environment in light of electronic and virtual business world so as to achieve excellence in the knowledge economy and the virtual economy. Key Words: Knowledge Management Processes, Services’ Quality, Iraqi Commercial Banks.

Earlier studies have established the importance of strategic management in the development of large corporations while few works have explored the possibility of using strategic management to help develop the critical sector of the economy, Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs). Where studies are done in this area, they are carried out in the developed economies and little or sparse studies have focused on the developing economies with attendant limitations in scope and methodology. Two divergent strands are noticeable: the first is the Ad Hoc planning, which believes that planning does not need to be structured, regular, comprehensive and constantly reviewed before SMEs development is enhanced, while the strategic planning strand emphasized consistent and formal SWOT analysis as a blue print for SMEs survival and development. This divergence therefore calls for further studies on how strategic management should feature in the development of SMEs. Key Words: Strategic Management, Small and Medium Enterprises, Organizational Development.

Commercial banks show dynamic role in economy of Pakistan. Our study aim overdue, to check the impact of Profitability and Financial leverage on Capital Structure in Pakistan commercial banks. On this study have been data taken from State bank of Pakistan from the year of 2007-2015 of sixteen commercial banks. We have casually mixture of commercial banks. Our interception on behalf of descriptive statistics, covariance analysis and regression model. We reported that these two independent variables of PFT have insignificant and FLG have positive influence on capital structure. Key Words: Commercial Banks, Profitability, Financial leverage, Capital Structure Determinants.

Discussions over influence of future losses or gains on subjective perception of time have been made in existing researches. However, it is found in no research the study on influence of past losses or gains on subjective perception of time. By conducting two experiments (with adjusting the focus served as a measure mode in Experiment 1 and as a manipulation mode in Experiment 2), this study suggests that: perceived time of future losses is shorter than that of future gains after the same time interval (H1); perceived time of past gains is shorter than that of past loses (H2), subjectively perceived time of the prevention focus consumers for future losses is shorter than that of the promotion focus consumers after the same interval (H3); subjectively perceived time of the promotion focus consumers for past losses is shorter than that of prevention focus consumers after the same time interval (H4); subjectively perceived time of the prevention focus consumers for future gains is shorter than that of the promotion focus consumers after the same time interval (H5); and subjectively perceived time of the promotion focus consumers for past gains is shorter than that of the prevention focus consumers after the same time interval(H6). Key Words: Time Interval, Regulatory Focus, Goal Orientation.