This research emphasizes, in a clearer and more differentiating way, the motives or the incentives of the use of the Internet Technologies (IT) by the managers of SME. It is to this problem of the use of the IT in the companies that this communication contributes, via two studies carried out with the managers of the Tunisians SME situated in the regions of big Tunis and Sahel, a quantitative and qualitative study. The results obtained from a qualitative study show globally that the use of the IT within the SME Tunisian is determined by the entrepreneurial and environmental factors. The obtained results, for the method of the structural equations, validate the proposed model by highlighting the entrepreneurial and environmental factors. Key Words: SME, Internet Technologies, Entrepreneurial Factors, Environmental Factors.

The objective of this study was to examine the existence of an endogenous relationship between executive compensation approximated by the total and variable remuneration and the value of the firm. Empirically, we used a sample of 467 French listed firms during the 2004-2007 periods. We used a simultaneous-equation model where we included the governance variables and ownership structure as determinants of the relationship. The endogenous relationship was only detected between the variable remuneration and the value of the firm. It was a two-way relationship accounted for by opportunism. Any increase in compensation was negatively perceived by investors, and any increase in the value urges the shareholders to reduce the variable part of the remuneration. Key Words: Executive Compensation, Firm Value, Endogeneity, Simultaneous-Equation Model, France.

At present, the response given to the need of generating employment in rural areas has been the creation of enterprises which add value to the primary-sector products. This type of endeavor is called non agricultural and it has been stated that it contributes to the economic development of communities; all this demands the study of this category of business ventures. This work describes the way in which explicit knowledge is constructed in a rural microenterprise, how it is inserted into knowledge networks that support the microenterprise's development and, at the same time, through the knowledge of the needs of the community where the business is inserted jobs are generated to contract only women older than sixty years. All this reflects the enterprise’s social responsibility and the response to inclusion and equality conditions, both factors demanded in current times. Key Words: Knowledge, Social Responsibility, Knowledge Nets, Equality Factors.

This paper presents the results of research of the effects of leadership on job satisfaction of teachers. It is shown that leadership has a strong and positive impact on job satisfaction of teachers in primary schools in Serbia. The strongest influences have the following dimensions of leadership: Contingent reward behavior, Intellectual Stimulation and Core transformational leader behavior. The moderating effect of gender and age of teachers to the observed relationship was examined. The moderating effect of years of teachers has been confirmed in a few relations, so we can say that there is a slight moderating effect on the relationship between teachers' years on leadership and job satisfaction. Primary schools principals in Serbia should devote considerable attention to developing leadership skills and improving knowledge management. In this way it is possible to achieve increased job satisfaction of teachers, which potentially creates conditions for better and effective functioning of schools. Key Words: Leadership, Teachers’ Job Satisfaction, Primary Schools, Serbia.

In this study, we explore the impact of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation on financial performance of firms. A literature-based model is developed to examine the relationship between ERP system status and financial performance. The empirical analyses are based on survey data drawn among 93 Iranian manufacturing firms. The finding demonstrates that the implementation of each ERP system module separately influences financial performance indicators. Besides, the results indicate that implementing complete package of ERP system might provide synergetic impact on firm’s financial performance. Based on the findings, top managers, IT managers and ERP consultants may be interested in the results of this study, because it might be increase their understanding about ERP system implementation and help them to manage and control their resources more effectively due to ERP systems implementation. Key Words: ERP, Planning, Financial, Performance, Developing Country.

Organizations, both large and small, are faced with uncertain business conditions, competitive market environments and rapid technological changes. SMEs, are struggling to survive and are focusing on ways to improve their performance. The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of strategic planning on performance of medium sized firms. It examined the relationship between the specific steps that make up strategic planning and firm performance. To achieve this, data was collected from a sample of 47 medium sized enterprises. The results indicated that strategic planning significantly influences organizational performance. The findings reinforce the need for business owners and entrepreneurs to embrace strategic planning in order to gain competitive advantage and to ensure survival in the competitive market. Key Words: Strategic Planning, Environmental Analysis, Organizational Direction, Strategy Formulation, Performance.

This paper investigated whether there is a momentum effect at the Morocco firm level. Using Morocco Stock Exchange data from 1995 to 2014, the paper demonstrated strong evidence of momentum effect. The return momentum effect in Morocco firm portfolios was large, where that the 6 momentum strategy with a six-month holding period generated a significant return of 0.51 percent per month on average. The results of this study also confirmed that the momentum strategy is still profitable and statistically significant when applied to sub period sample. The momentum profits for the Morocco market cannot be explained by Fama and French three-factor model. Key Words: Morocco Stock Exchange (MSE), Momentum Effect, Fama–French Three-Factor Model.

R&D portfolio is a strategy tool to make investment on the basis of business strategy by enhancing the alignment of business strategy and R&D strategy. The R&D portfolio has three main purpose: strategy alignment, value maximization, and balance. Therefore, to maximize the R&D performance in the research institute of L Company in Korea, this study tries to apply AHP technique to suggest a portfolio analysis plan that makes up for the R&D portfolio improvement plan being performed. Key Words: R&D Portfolio, R&D Strategy, Business Strategy, AHP, Portfolio Analysis.

Nowadays organizations operate in an uncertain and complex environment. To achieve certain goals and maintain their position in a competitive world, they are forced to make changes in line with the environment. Knowledge management is one of the processes in which organizations by implementing them are able to keep the knowledge dynamic and fresh throughout the organization. Knowledge has been introduced as the basic and significant criteria in competition and in addition to knowledge, innovation also has been known as significant criteria for survival of knowledge and technology- based companies. Present study aimed to investigate the relationship between knowledge management and innovative behavior of customs employees of Guilan province. This study, considering objective is applied and considering methodology is descriptive survey. Statistical population of present study includes all 243 employees of customs at Guilan province. The sample size using a Cochran formula is estimated as 149 statistical units and sampling technique is stratified random sampling. Data collection tool is questionnaire and in order to determine the validity of the conducted research, collective opinions of scholars are used. For determining reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient is used. In descriptive analysis, indicators such as distribution table and frequency percentage, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation.... have been used and in inferential analysis after conducting Kalmogorov-Smiranov Test, in order to accept or reject hypotheses, Pearson's correlation test has been used and for ranking knowledge management aspects, Friedman test has been used as well. Findings suggest that there is a significant positive relationship between knowledge management and its aspects with innovative behavior of customs employees at Guilan Province. Findings of Friedman test also revealed that according to participants, dimensions of knowledge management are significantly different from each other. Also regarding respondents, the highest average in ranking is knowledge application. Knowledge exchange, knowledge organization and knowledge production are next in the ranking. Key Words: Knowledge Management, Knowledge Production, Knowledge Organization, Knowledge Exchange, Knowledge Application, Innovative Behavior, Customs Of Guilan Province.